IIf you are using hot swappable hard disk and created a new partition using the fdisk, then you need to reboot Linux based system to get partition recognized. Without reboot, you will NOT be able to create a filesystem on your newly created or modified partitions with the mke2fs command.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be utilized at the next reboot or after you run partprobe or kpartx command. Both of these programs informs the operating system kernel of partition table changes, by requesting that the operating system re-read the partition table.
You will seen an error that read as follows:
How To Install Kpartx
Re-reading the partition table failed.: Device or resource busy
KPARTX(8) Linux Administrator's Manual KPARTX(8) NAME kpartx - Create device maps from partition tables SYNOPSIS kpartx -a -d -l -v wholedisk DESCRIPTIONThis tool, derived from util-linux' partx, reads partition tables on specified device and create device maps over partitions segments detected. Description This tool, derived from util-linux' partx, reads partition tables on specified device and create device maps over partitions segments detected. It is called from hotplug upon device maps creation and deletion.
A sample session:
After the fdisk command session (which makes changes to partition table) just type the following command:# partprobe
OR# partprobe /dev/sdX
Replace /dev/sdX or /dev/hdX with actual device name. Now you will able to create filesystem on new partition with the mke2fs command.
V4,06/14 kpartx: use xmalloc to instead of malloc in main func. Message ID: c1d5a372-e54f-4955-222b-d70782a7c127@huawei.com (mailing list archive) State. KPARTX(8) Linux Administrator's Manual KPARTX(8) NAME kpartx - Create device maps from partition tables SYNOPSIS kpartx -a -d -l -v wholedisk DESCRIPTIONThis tool, derived from util-linux' partx, reads partition tables on specified device and create device maps over partitions segments detected. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) Syncing disks. Use kpartx to add partition. root@rhel6a # kpartx -av /dev.
Inform the OS of partition table changes
The partprobe command is part of GNU parted software. parted is a disk partitioning and partition resizing program. It allows you to create, destroy, resize, move and copy ext2, ext3, linux-swap, FAT, FAT32, and reiserfs partitions. It can create, resize and move Macintosh HFS partitions, as well as detect jfs, ntfs, ufs, and xfs partitions. It is useful for creating space for new operating systems, reorganising disk usage, and copying data to new hard disks.
Install parted
To use partprobe command install parted. If you are using Debian / Ubuntu Linux, enter:$ sudo apt-get install parted
OR if you are using RHEL version <= 4, enter:# up2date parted
OR if you are using CentOS / RHEL 5/6, enter:# yum install parted
OR if you are Fedora, enter:$ sudo dnf install parted
Now you can use the partprobe command.
Install kpartx
The kpartx tool, derived from util-linux’ partx, reads partition tables on specified device and create device maps over partitions segments detected. It is called from hotplug upon device maps creation and deletion. To use kpartx command install kpartx. If you are using Debian / Ubuntu Linux, enter:$ sudo apt install kpartx
To use, type:# kpartx -u /dev/sdd2
Kpartx: a tool for mounting partitions within an image file
Kpartx -a /dev/mapper
July 12, 2008
Kpartx can be used to set up device mappings for the partitions of any partitioned block device. It is part of the Linux multipath-tools. With kpartx -l imagefile you get an overview of the partitions in the image file and with kpartx -a imagefile the partitions will accessible via /dev/mapper/loop0pX (X is the number of the partition). You can mount it now with mount /dev/mapper/loop0pX /mnt/ -o loop,ro. After unmounting you can disconnect the mapper devices with kpartx -d imagefile.
There are packages for Debian and Ubuntu.
Kpartx Linux
- Ubuntu: http://packages.ubuntu.com/de/hardy/kpartx
- Debian: http://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=kpartx
Hello,
I’m trying to do this in my fedora system but doesnt work. I am not getting any output after issuing this command kpartx -a and kpartx -l and getting nothing in /dev/mapper/
What should I check ?
Comment by smary — June 26, 2009 #
What is the nature of the image file you’re using? Is it a full image of a complete hard disk or only an image of one partition?
Comment by robert — June 27, 2009 #
Its a full image of a complete hard disk
Comment by smary — June 29, 2009 #
Actually I’m getting the following error now:
[[email protected] ~]# kpartx -l /tmp-mnt/BACKUP_final.img
loop1p1 : 0 1701990410 /dev/loop1 218129509
loop1p2 : 0 543974724 /dev/loop1 729050177
loop1p4 : 0 51635 /dev/loop1 2692939776
[[email protected] ~]# kpartx -a -v /tmp-mnt/BACKUP_final.img
device-mapper: reload ioctl failed: Invalid argument
create/reload failed on loop1p1
add map loop1p1 (0:0): 0 1701990410 linear /dev/loop1 218129509
device-mapper: reload ioctl failed: Invalid argument
create/reload failed on loop1p2
add map loop1p2 (0:0): 0 543974724 linear /dev/loop1 729050177
device-mapper: reload ioctl failed: Invalid argument
create/reload failed on loop1p4
add map loop1p4 (0:0): 0 51635 linear /dev/loop1 2692939776
[[email protected] ~]# ls -all /dev/mapper/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 60 2009-06-25 08:32 .
drwxr-xr-x 16 root root 5060 2009-06-29 08:14 ..
crw-rw—- 1 root root 10, 63 2009-06-25 08:32 control
[[email protected] ~]#Comment by smary — June 29, 2009 #
This normally says that you’ve updated your kernel and it doesn’t fit anymore your device-mapper version. Update also the device-mapper package. also take a look at the syslog as it should provide additional info.
Comment by robert — June 29, 2009 #
Just use it on a device and not an image file. Create the device with losetup first.
Comment by partition mage — July 14, 2009 #
Just found ya…Great stuff.
I will be adding you to my links list and checking in…Comment by andy — March 2, 2010 #
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Now even losetup can do it!
# losetup -fP /home/jasan/ubuntu-15.04-snappy-amd64-generic.img
# losetup
NAME SIZELIMIT OFFSET AUTOCLEAR RO BACK-FILE
/dev/loop0 0 0 0 0 /home/jasan/ubuntu-15.04-snappy-amd64-generic.img
# ls -l /dev/loop0*
brw-rw—- 1 root disk 7, 0 Apr 5 10:09 /dev/loop0
brw-rw—- 1 root disk 259, 5 Apr 5 10:09 /dev/loop0p1
brw-rw—- 1 root disk 259, 6 Apr 5 10:09 /dev/loop0p2
brw-rw—- 1 root disk 259, 7 Apr 5 10:09 /dev/loop0p3
brw-rw—- 1 root disk 259, 8 Apr 5 10:09 /dev/loop0p4
brw-rw—- 1 root disk 259, 9 Apr 5 10:09 /dev/loop0p5Comment by Ján Sáreník — April 5, 2016 #
Hello,
I’m not familiar at all with Linux, please can you help me with this issue? My system required this update yesterday and consequently (or not?) there is no more sound from my computer neither from the loudspeaker nor from the earphone whereas the volume control shows there’s an activity. Same issue from any application: movie, soundtrack and Internet.
Thank you for your support!
YasmineComment by Yasmine — April 15, 2016 #